instance method `find_by_sql`

Ruby on Rails 4.1.16

Since v3.2.22.5

Available in: v3.2.22.5 v4.0.13 v4.1.16 v4.2.9 v5.2.8.1 v6.0.6 v6.1.7.10 v7.0.10 v7.1.6 v7.2.3 v8.0.4 v8.1.2

Compare with:

find_by_sql(sql, binds = [])

Executes a custom SQL query against your database and returns all the results. The results will be returned as an array with columns requested encapsulated as attributes of the model you call this method from. If you call Product.find_by_sql then the results will be returned in a Product object with the attributes you specified in the SQL query.

If you call a complicated SQL query which spans multiple tables the columns specified by the SELECT will be attributes of the model, whether or not they are columns of the corresponding table.

The sql parameter is a full SQL query as a string. It will be called as is, there will be no database agnostic conversions performed. This should be a last resort because using, for example, MySQL specific terms will lock you to using that particular database engine or require you to change your call if you switch engines.

# A simple SQL query spanning multiple tables
Post.find_by_sql "SELECT p.title, c.author FROM posts p, comments c WHERE p.id = c.post_id"
# => [#<Post:0x36bff9c @attributes={"title"=>"Ruby Meetup", "first_name"=>"Quentin"}>, ...]

You can use the same string replacement techniques as you can with ActiveRecord::QueryMethods#where:

Post.find_by_sql ["SELECT title FROM posts WHERE author = ? AND created > ?", author_id, start_date]
Post.find_by_sql ["SELECT body FROM comments WHERE author = :user_id OR approved_by = :user_id", { :user_id => user_id }]

Parameters

sql req
binds opt = []

Source

# File activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb, line 38
    def find_by_sql(sql, binds = [])
      result_set = connection.select_all(sanitize_sql(sql), "#{name} Load", binds)
      column_types = {}

      if result_set.respond_to? :column_types
        column_types = result_set.column_types
      else
        ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn "the object returned from `select_all` must respond to `column_types`"
      end

      result_set.map { |record| instantiate(record, column_types) }
    end

Defined in activerecord/lib/active_record/querying.rb line 38 · View on GitHub · Improve this page · Find usages on GitHub

Defined in ActiveRecord::Querying

Signature

Parameters